The Type 85 tank is a modifications of the Type 80, which was in turn based on the Soviet T-54, with an improved turret changed from cast design to welded design. It was formally revealed by NORINCO in 1989. Firing trials were conducted sometime in mid-1989 according to Jane's Armour and Artillery 1994-95.
The Type 85-II and Type 85-IIA have been developed with a welded turret that can be fitted with additional armor protection. Exact differences between the Type 85 and Type 85-II are unknown; although the Type 85-II is slightly heavier and shorter in length. Armament is the same as in the Type 80 except that the Type 85-II can carry 46 rounds of 105-mm ammunition while the Type 85-IIA can carry 44 rounds.
The layout of the Type-85 is conventional, like other Chinese tanks, with the driver in the front, combat compartment in the center, and engine in the rear. The driver's seat is located on the left and is accessible through a hatch. There are two periscopes at the driver's station that allow a forward view, one of these periscopes may be replaced by a passive periscope when having to drive at night.
The commander's station is on the right side of the turret and is equipped with a cupola and a periscope that can be rotated 360 degrees.
The gunner's position is on the left side of the turret and has a single piece hatch that can allow a periscope or a snorkel to be installed for fording. The gunner's sight is located on the turret roof and is forward of the hatch.
The Type 85-II and Type 85-IIA have been developed with a welded turret that can be fitted with additional armor protection. Exact differences between the Type 85 and Type 85-II are unknown; although the Type 85-II is slightly heavier and shorter in length. Armament is the same as in the Type 80 except that the Type 85-II can carry 46 rounds of 105-mm ammunition while the Type 85-IIA can carry 44 rounds.
The layout of the Type-85 is conventional, like other Chinese tanks, with the driver in the front, combat compartment in the center, and engine in the rear. The driver's seat is located on the left and is accessible through a hatch. There are two periscopes at the driver's station that allow a forward view, one of these periscopes may be replaced by a passive periscope when having to drive at night.
The commander's station is on the right side of the turret and is equipped with a cupola and a periscope that can be rotated 360 degrees.
The gunner's position is on the left side of the turret and has a single piece hatch that can allow a periscope or a snorkel to be installed for fording. The gunner's sight is located on the turret roof and is forward of the hatch.
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